Treatment effect heterogeneity

Risk-based approaches

PATH Statement

(a) PATH Statement

(b) PATH Statement Explanation and Elaboration

Figure 1: The Predictive approaches to treatment effect heterogeneity statement.

Literature review

Figure 2: Literature review.

Framework for observational data

Figure 3: Standardized framework for observational data

Framework for observational data

Relative treatment effects

• Main outcomes
• Safety outcomes

Absolute treatment effects

• Main outcomes
• Safety outcomes

Simulation study

Simulation study - Results

• Base case
• Sample size
• AUC
• Application